Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer ( breast carcinoma ) is a malignant tumor that grows in the breast tissue . This type of cancer is common in women and it is possible if it occurs in men , it's just a very rare case .

 

The frequency of cases of this disease is relatively high in developed countries and is the largest suffered from other types of cancer . While in Indonesia , breast cancer ranks second only to cervical cancer .

 

This article will explain to you what are the risk factors that can cause a person to develop breast cancer , early detection means , and avoiding breast cancer and how you can be aware of the symptoms of breast cancer .

 

Esophageal Cancer Risk Factors Breast

 

The cause of breast cancer is not known with certainty , but there are several factors that allow a woman's risk of developing this disease , which is as follows :

 

• Family history of breast cancer .
• Women who have never been pregnant and given birth .
• First pregnancy occurs after the age of 30 years .
• Got  first menstruation at the age under 12 years and menopause after age 55 years .
• The use of birth control pills or estrogen replacement therapy .
• Postmenopausal Obesity and alcohol consumption .
• Chemicals - Several studies have cited the exposure of chemicals that mimic estrogen ( which is contained in pesticides and other industrial products ) may increase the risk of breast cancer .
• The use of DES ( diethylstilbestrol ) .
• Women who took DES to prevent miscarriage have a higher risk of breast cancer .
• Keep in mind that the factors mentioned above are not always breast cancer can trigger an attack , but often a person's life history of breast cancer associated with these factors .

 Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are several symptoms of breast cancer that can be seen .

 

Here are the symptoms in question :

 

• A lump in the breast that can be touched .
• Changes in the shape and size of the breast .
• The presence of sores around the nipple and surrounding areas which are difficult to heal .
• The presence of fluid ( blood or pus - yellow to greenish ) are out of the nipple .
• Changes in the nipple such as itching , burning sensation , and attracted to the ( retracted) .
• The presence of wrinkles ( such as lime ) on the skin of the breast .
• In the advanced stage may develop bone pain , weight loss , swelling of arms or ulcerated skin .

Menstrual cycle

Menstrual cycle is the cycle of changes that occurs in the uterus and ovary for the purpose of sexual reproduction.[1][2] It is essential for the production of eggs and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.[1] The menstrual cycle occurs only in fertile female humans and other female primates.

In humans, the length of a menstrual cycle varies greatly among women (ranging from 21 to 35 days), with 28 days designated as the average length.[3] Each cycle can be divided into three phases based on events in the ovary (ovarian cycle) or in the uterus (uterine cycle).[1] The ovarian cycle consists of the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase whereas the uterine cycle is divided into menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory phase. Both cycles are controlled by the endocrine system and the normal hormonal changes that occur can be interfered with using hormonal contraception to prevent reproduction.[4]

By convention, menstrual cycles are counted from the first day of menstrual bleeding. Stimulated by gradually increasing amounts of estrogen in the follicular phase, discharges of blood (menses) slow then stop, and the lining of the uterus thickens. Follicles in the ovary begin developing under the influence of a complex interplay of hormones, and after several days one or occasionally two become dominant (non-dominant follicles atrophy and die). Approximately mid-cycle, 24–36 hours after the Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surges, the dominant follicle releases an ovum, or egg, in an event called ovulation. After ovulation, the egg only lives for 24 hours or less without fertilization while the remains of the dominant follicle in the ovary become a corpus luteum; this body has a primary function of producing large amounts of progesterone. Under the influence of progesterone, the endometrium (uterine lining) changes to prepare for potential implantation of an embryo to establish a pregnancy. If implantation does not occur within approximately two weeks, the corpus luteum will involute, causing sharp drops in levels of both progesterone and estrogen. The hormone drop causes the uterus to shed its lining and egg in a process termed menstruation.

In the menstrual cycle, changes occur in the female reproductive system as well as other systems (which lead to breast tenderness or mood changes, for example). A woman's first menstruation is termed menarche, and occurs typically around age 12-13. The end of a woman's reproductive phase is called the menopause, which commonly occurs somewhere between the ages of 45 and 55.